When oil is overheated, it breaks down into glycerol and free fatty acids and produces bluish smoke. It marks the beginning of degradation of both flavour and nutrition.
“The temperature at which oil gets overheated and starts emitting smoke is called the smoke point.”
The smoke point for each oil varies widely depending on its origin and refinement. Vegetable- based oil have higher smoke points than animal-based fats like butter or ghee. Any oil’s smoke point does not remain constant overtime. The more refined an oil, the higher the smoke point. That’s because refining removes the impurities that can cause the oil to emit smoke. If the smoke point drops, oil smokes faster and toxic chemicals are released at this point. When each time you reuse the oil, the smoke point drops. When you deep fry food, the oil temperature is 190’C. It means that when oil is reheated, it produces some cancer-causing chemicals.
When oil is overheated, it breaks down into glycerol and free fatty acids and produces bluish smoke. It marks the beginning of degradation of both flavour and nutrition.
“The temperature at which oil gets overheated and starts emitting smoke is called the smoke point.”
The smoke point for each oil varies widely depending on its origin and refinement. Vegetable- based oil have higher smoke points than animal-based fats like butter or ghee. Any oil’s smoke point does not remain constant overtime. The more refined an oil, the higher the smoke point. That’s because refining removes the impurities that can cause the oil to emit smoke. If the smoke point drops, oil smokes faster and toxic chemicals are released at this point. When each time you reuse the oil, the smoke point drops. When you deep fry food, the oil temperature is 190’C. It means that when oil is reheated, it produces some cancer-causing chemicals.
Smoke point for Different Oils
Canola oil (unrefined)
107’C
Canola oil (semi refined)
240’C
Canola oil (Refined)
243’C
Sunflower oil (unrefined)
107’C
Sunflower oil (Refined)
232’C
Corn oil (unrefined)
160’C
Corn oil (Refined)
232’C
Groundnut oil (unrefined)
160’C
Groundnut oil ( Refined)
232’C
Olive oil (Extra virgin)
160’C
Olive oil (Extra light)
243’C
Butter
177’C
Source: - The times of India/Chennai edition/dated;05.01.2012/page07
The term personality is derived from the latin word persona which means mask among the greeks, actors used a mask to hide their identified on stage. This dramatic technique was later adopted by the romans to whom persona denoted as one appears to others not as one actually is.
DEFINITION:
According to Dashiell, an individual personality is the “total picture of his organized behaviour, especially as it can be characterized by his fellowmen in consistent way.
OBJECTIVES OF PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT:
·The objective of this paper is to present an alternative to traditional personality measures based on chattel’s t-data.
·An objective assessment of personality should not assess what people say they usually do. Rather what they really do must be assessed.
·In other words using methodology where the scores are not based on the self assessment of individual nor the assessor’s need to make any interpretation of or changes to the data.
·Likewise the assessment procedure do not provide any feedback on the performance of individuals.
·The strategy reduces it voluntary bias and intentional response distortion which might be present in traditionally personality assessment.
IMPORTANCE OF PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT:
·One of the key benefits of personality development is the overall shine that is brought about in a person’s personality after undergoing personality development.
·Another key benefit is the c confidence and morale that automatically gets a boost and a push with good personality development.
·To state another advantage of personality development. The opportunity to be able to form a healthy rapport of any age bracket.
·There are several advantages aspects to having a personality development experience like the ability to hold your own, the ability to curb temperamentalism and be an outgoing and well spoken are rather well communicative individual.
·Overall the person get a wonderful edge and a razor sharp yet approachable as well as a warm outlook to life and people.
ROLE OF AMBITION IN PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT:
·Generally every human being as a goal it usually concern with the ideals expectations and dreams of future life. The goal itself can be love, marriage, affair, friendship, social status etc.
·In short this kind of expectation is just to get the better future than the past sometimes, when the goals are so great human becomes ambitious. Its quite normal since it does not give negative impact to the personality.
·In word of reality human will choose two ways; to fulfill the ambitions, the one is which do not need long time to reach the purpose whether it is good or bad.
·They do not pay attention for social conventions, norms, morale, and ethics. They can learn the social life by the ambitious to better than before.
·Ambition is accordance with fictional financial principle. There is a close relationship between goal and ambition would be created after having goal.
CONCLUSION:
Thus the personality development is educative mechanism of a organization to build human behaviour.
The rates of college
students smoking in the United States have fluctuated for the past twenty
years. Majority of lifelong smokers begin smoking habits before the age of 24,
which makes the college years a crucial time in the study of cigarette
consumption. Cigarette smoking on college campuses has become
an important public health issue and there has been increase in
campus wide smoking bans and other preventative programs to reduce
the rates of students smoking.Smoking is a practice in which a
substance, most commonly tobacco or cannabis, is burned and the smoke is tasted or inhaled. This
is primarily practised as a route of administration for recreational drug use, as combustion
releases the active substances in drugs such as nicotine and
makes them available for absorption through the lungs. It can also be done as a
part of rituals, to induce trances and spiritual enlightenment.The most common
method of smoking today is through cigarettes,
primarily industrially manufactured but also hand-rolled from loose tobacco and
rolling
paper. Other smoking implements include pipes, cigars, bidis, hookahs, vaporizers
and bongs. It has
been suggested that smoking-related disease kills one half of all long term
smokers but these diseases may also be contracted by non-smokers. A 2007 report
states that about 4.9 million people worldwide each year die as a result of
smoking.Smoking is one
of the most common forms of recreational drug use. Tobacco
smoking is today by far the most popular form of smoking and is practiced
by over one billion people in the majority of all human societies. Less common
drugs for smoking include cannabis
and opium. Some of
the substances are classified as hard narcotics, like
heroin, but the use of these is very limited as they are often not commercially
available.The history of
smoking can be dated to as early as 5000 BC, and has been recorded in many
different cultures across the world. Early smoking evolved in association with
religious ceremonies; as offerings to deities, in cleansing rituals or to allow
shamans and
priests to alter their minds for purposes of divination or spiritual
enlightenment. After the European exploration and conquest of the Americans,
the practice of smoking tobacco quickly spread to the rest of the world. In
regions like India
and Subsaharan Africa, it merged with existing
practices of smoking (mostly of cannabis). In Europe,
it introduced a new type of social activity and a form of drug intake which
previously had been unknown.Perception
surrounding smoking has varied over time and from one place to another; holy
and sinful, sophisticated and vulgar, a panacea and deadly health hazard. Only
relatively recently, and primarily in industrialized Western countries, has
smoking come to be viewed in a decidedly negative light. Today medical studies
have proven that smoking tobacco is among the leading causes of many diseases
such as lung cancer, heart attacks, COPD, erectile dysfunction and can also lead to birth
defects. The inherent health hazards of smoking have caused many countries
to institute high taxes on tobacco products and anti-smoking campaigns are
launched every year in an attempt to curb tobacco smoking.
An FIR is a First
Information Report. It is a statement of facts as best remembered by the
complainant.Any person or complainant
may go to a police station and ask to lodge an FIR reporting an offence that he
believes to have been committed. He is required to state the facts to the best
of his knowledge to the duty officer. It is important to know
that all offences can be broadly divided into two categories: Cognizable
Offences and Non Cognizable Offences. The former are offences where the police
are bound to register a case and proceed with investigation. Once registered,
the case is the sole responsibility of the police and they are required to see
the case through to its natural conclusion. Non Cognizable offences are those
in which the police need not register a criminal complaint. The complaint is
required to seek relief in a civil court of law.Once the duty officer is
certain that the offence alleged to have been committed lies in the category of
cognizable offences, he shall direct the complainant to put his statement in
writing. In the presence of the complainant, the duty officer shall complete
all the columns in the FIR register with the information given by the
complainant. He shall then read out all the contents of the FIR registered to
the complainant. Once the complainant is certain that all the details have been
correctly written, he should sign the FIR.It is important to know
that an FIR will not be considered a valid document unless it has been stamped
by the Duty Officer with the stamp of the police station along with his
signature and a serial number allotted to the report. It is important for the
complainant to demand a carbon copy of the FIR as lodged by him so that no
alterations are possible later. Once the formalities have
been completed, the duty officer assigns the case to an officer, not below the
rank of a sub inspector, who then is known as the IO (Investigating Officer).
Meanwhile, depending on the urgency of the matter, police personnel are
deployed to the scene of the crime to assess the situation and render any
assistance if required. After the complaint has
been lodged, the complainant is free to leave and he cannot in any circumstance
be subjected to restraint or inconvenience. The complainant shall
merely report the facts as known by him. He is not required to prove his
allegations in any manner at the police station. The FIR is a statement by the
complainant of an alleged offence. It is the job of the police to ascertain
facts, verify details and substantiate the charges or otherwise. Depending on the urgency
of the matter, the IO begins his investigation through local enquiry,
collection of evidence, verification of facts etc. On completion of his
investigation, he shall submit a report along with his recommendations. If
required, a charge sheet is filed, an arrest is made and the accused is
presented in court within 24 hours of his arrest. From here, legal
procedures take over and what follows depends on the discretion of the court.
In short, the prosecution is expected to prove their case against the accused
with all evidence and proof. Should the evidence be adequate, the accused may
be sentenced to whatever punishment reccommended for the offence in that Act.
Although all this sounds very simple, this whole exercise often takes up to a
year or even more.
1.Who can lodge an
F.I.R ?
1) Complainant who is an aggrieved person or some body on his behalf. 2) By any person who is aware of the offence (a) as an eye witness and (b) as an hearsay account. 3) Provided the person in possession of the hearsay is required to subscribe his signautre to it and mention the source of his information so that it does not amount to irresponsible rumour. The rule of law is, if general law is broken any person has a right to complain whether he has suffered an injury or not.
(a) By the accused himself.
(b) By the SHO on his own knowledge or information even when a cognizable offence is committed in view of a officer incharge he can register a case himself and is not bound to take down in writing any information. Under the order of Magistrate uls 156 (3) Criminal Procedure code, when a complaint is forwarded to officer incharge without taking cognizance. If information is only hear say, then SHO should register case only if person in posses- sion of hearsay subscribes his signature to it and mentions the source of his information so that it does not amount to irresponsible rumour. The information must be definite, not vague, authentic, not baseless, gossip or rumour, clearly making out a cognizable case.
4) The information is only by a medical certificate or doctor's ruqqa about arrival of the injured, then he (SHO) should enter it in daily diary and go to hospital for recording detailed statement of injured
Format of the F.I.R.
Book No. ___________
FORM NO. 24.5 (1)
FIRST INFORMATION REPORT
First Information of a Cognizable Crime Reported under Section
154, Criminal PenalCode
Police Station .................................... District
.............................. No ..................
Date and hour of Occurrence .....................
1.Date and hour when reported
2.Name and residence of informer and complainant.
3.Brief description of offence (with section) and of property carried off, if
any.
4.Place of occurence and distance and direction from the Police Station.
5.Name & Address of the Criminal.
6.Steps taken regarding investigation explanation of delay in regarding
information.
7.Date and Time of despatch from Police Station.
Signature .......................
Designation ................................
(First information to be recorded below)
NOTE:- The signature of seal or thumb impression of the informer should be at
the end of the information and the signature of the Writer of (FIR) should be
existed as usual.
The above is the format and below is the law on the basis of which the
cognizable crime is recorded
F.I.R.ON AUTHENTIC INFORMATION
The information given to the Police Officer for registration of a case must be
authentic. It should not be gossip but should be traced to an individual who
should be responsible for imparting information. It may be hearsay but the
person in possession of hearsay should mention the source of information and
take responsibility for it. An irresponsible rumour should not result in
registration of F.I.R.
TUBAL PREGNANCY
In an ectopic pregnancy, the fertilized egg attaches someplace other than the uterus most often in the fallopian tube. This is why it is called tubal pregnancy.
If the egg keeps growing in the fallopian tube, it will burst the tube and cause heavy bleeding that could be deadly.
CAUSE: Due to damage in the fallopian tube, the fertilized egg have trouble passing through the tube and implanted in the tube itself. It is due to smoking, pelvic inflammatory disease or surgery in the fallopian tubes.
KEY SIGNS:Pelvic pain sharp on one sideand vaginal bleeding.
DIAGNOSIS: A pelvic exam to check the size of the uterus.
IF THERE IS AN ECTOPIC PREGNANCY, IT IS NECESSARY TO END IT BEFORE IT CAUSES DANGEROUS PROBLEMS.
